High School Culture

December, 1999

Recently we read that 22 students from a Hamilton, Ontario high school were suspended for smoking pot. The name of the school is not important: if we focus on one school we reinforce the perception that it is always the other school that has the problem. What is important is that drugs and alcohol are now firmly entrenched in the culture of our high schools. It's clear that schools do not have a magical force field that prevents drugs and alcohol from coming into and out of schools and being used on school property.
Drugs Abound
Our kids face daily challenges in our high schools, challenges that are not academic. The drug culture in high school is so pervasive that our kids must make decisions every day to "toke up" and cut class or to resist and risk exclusion or at least sneers and put-downs. When we as social workers talk to grade 11 and 12 students about the number of decisions they have to make every day just to get through it, they dismiss it as no big deal. But it's apparent that it wears on them consistently and negatively.
Although many organizations of adults have been waging a war against drugs, the statistics still show that alarming numbers of kids are trying drugs and alcohol, and at younger and younger ages. Some of our kids have been making decisions about drug and alcohol use since grade 7-just one year after they received the DARE program and thought everyone in their peer group felt the same way they did. After all, they did their DARE essays, said 'no' to drugs and graduated from the program. So why are the numbers increasing?
New Order at Parties, Dances
The social options of high school dances and parties, which used to be the standard of fun, are becoming increasingly dangerous. In Date Rape: a Question of Trust (Bigelow and Simpson, 1996) we're shocked to learn that 51% of young Canadian women between the ages of 16-24 will be sexually assaulted. And 80-90% of these assaults will be by someone they know. There is a corresponding increase in the use of the drug rohypnol (roofies, also called the rape drug) being added to a drink. So for some young women there is no chance to even consider a defence because they are unconscious during the assault.
Mood Disorders on the Increase
Many of our kids are becoming depressed and anxious. These kids will act out or withdraw in order to cope with their disorders, which keeps their teachers and peers vigilant and apprehensive about their behaviour and safety. Many teachers complain about the amount of time kids are out of the classroom to 'help' each other during emotional crises. Some of these students may be malingering, but many are truly and desperately worried about their friends, and don't feel that adults understand enough about kids' culture to really help effectively.
More Stress, Less Support
Truancy is a common symptom of emotional distress in adolescents and it makes it significantly harder for the attending, hardworking student to cope. They can't count on group members for projects, or depend on buddies to share notes or understanding, or even hope that the helpful kid in seat next to them will show up each day.
Many of our children go diligently off to school each day knowing they will be faced with a range of challenges and decisions. They have to manage their academic work plus handle a full day's attendance without bringing harm to themselves or others. This has always been the role of students, but 10 years ago it was automatic. Now it takes tremendous emotional energy, negotiation and sophistication to be successful.
New Standards
Peer harassment is also a constant part of school culture. North American culture tells adolescents that to be popular they have to wear the right clothes, be thin, buy the right products, have incredible personal freedom and finances, love loud noise and frantic behaviour. Our kids pay strict attention to these messages and use them to judge each other. Attempting to meet these criteria makes kids vigilant and anxious.
They often become so dependent on other teens' opinions that they become vulnerable to prolonged harassment and are apt to end up being controlled by other kids.
They become so controlled that their thinking becomes distorted. This distorted thinking, in turn, can happen to teachers and administrators, who worry excessively about opinions of parents and community members who feel schools are too punitive or 'uptight' or that bullying and harassment are just normal teasing. This is aggravated by the parents who cannot believe that their child could have done what they say he's done, or who assume the parents' job is to shield their children from the negative consequences of their own behaviour.
So What are We to Do?
Our kids are not fighting this battle alone. There are many dedicated parents, teachers, administrators, support staff, and custodians who continue to create as much of a welcoming environment as possible. But for many of them, as for the kids, each day is a constant struggle.
We have to help kids articulate ways to make their school safer and more welcoming. They seem to know more about what they need than do the adults in charge. We have to act on their suggestions. We have to start with a standard of respect toward each other. We have to work on this until we get it right. We have to clean up our language, improve our attitude, include each other, and establish that 'only kindness matters'. If our schools don't become safer, saner and more welcoming, our kids will continue to invest more energy in surviving than they will in developing the skills they need to manage successfully as adults.
And if we're not prepared to act as responsible role models then we should lower our expectations and our hopes for our kids.